Finance Analyse free essay sample

It might seem obvious that people will be motivated by bonuses, but many scholars question this premise. Alfie Kohn has long suggested that workers are â€Å"punished by rewards† and urges that organizations avoid tying rewards to performance because of the negative consequences that can result. As an alternative to rewards, some experts recommend that managers foster a positive, upbeat work environment in hopes that enthusiasm will translate into motivation. Although rewards can be motivating, they can reduce employees’intrinsic interest in the tasks they are doing. Along these lines, Mark Lepper of Stanford University found that children rewarded for drawing with felt-tip pens no longer wished to use the pens at all when rewards were removed, whereas children who were not rewarded for using the pens were eager to use them. Similar experiments in which children completed puzzles have also shown that increasing rewards can decrease interest in the rewarded task. We will write a custom essay sample on Finance Analyse or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some have questioned the extent to which these results generalize to working adults, but concern about rewards diminishing intrinsic motivation persists. Rewards can also lead to misbehavior by workers. Psychologist Edward Deci notes, â€Å"Once you start making people’s rewards dependent on outcomes rather than behaviors, the evidence is people will take the shortest route to those outcomes. † Consider factory workers paid purely based on the number of units they produce. Because only quantity is rewarded, workers may neglect quality. Executives rewarded strictly on the basis of quarterly stock price will tend to ignore the long-term profitability and survival of the firm; they might even engage in illegal or unethical behavior to increase their compensation. A review of research on pay-for-performance in medicine found that doctors who were rewarded for treatment outcomes were reluctant to take on the most serious cases, where success was less likely. Although there might be some problems with providing incentives, the great majority of research cited in this and the previous chapter shows that individuals given rewards for behavior will be more likely to engage in the rewarded behaviors. It is also unlikely that individuals engaged in very boring, repetitive tasks will lose their intrinsic motivation if the task is rewarded, because they never had any intrinsic motivation to begin with. The real issue for managers is finding an appropriate way to reward behaviors so desired behavior is increased while less-desired behavior is reduced. QUESTIONS 1. Do you think that, as a manager, you would use bonuses regularly? Why or why not? 2. Can you think of a time in your own life when being evaluated and rewarded on a specific goal lead you to engage in negative or unproductive behavior? 3. Do you think providing group bonuses instead of individual bonuses would be more effective or less effective? Why or why not? 4. How would you design a bonus/reward program to avoid the problems mentioned in thi

Internet and computer safety Essays

Internet and computer safety Essays Internet and computer safety Paper Internet and computer safety Paper As a parent to create awareness about internet security, many measure can be taken to ensure safety for your children when using a computer as there are many risks which could occur which could either damage your computer or even your child. For example, there are viruses which can be harmful on your computer and if you use internet banking than, hackers can steal your details using phishing emails or websites and steal your identity, if your child or you click on a link or download a file which is harmful than your computer can be infected, however, this could be prevent by purchasing a good anti virus program, these will also protect the computer from other viruses which are harmful. Also if your children persistently use the internet then they can go on website which are inappropriate however there can be content filters on web browsers which can lower the risk of children going on bad websites. Also checking the web history that your child has just been using will help. Finally, if you become aware of the language that is used by children over the net with lots of abbreviations for example LOL (laughing out loud), or in fact POS (parents over shoulder) is one that is sometimes used which you could become familiar with for your childs safety. This article describes how an online predator advertised a fake modeling agency on the internet to lure young girls, then he would push and push as far as he could with the girls to see if he could draw them further into his web of sexual activity,. This shows how he was able to target girls, easily by producing a modeling agency, which shows how he was able to target a large number of girls due to the increase in interests of modeling careers; he also targeted girls on under 18 chat rooms which he was allowed access to, this allowed him to attract vunerable girls easily and lure them. He was able to target girls with something they were interested in which allowed him to gain a wide range of younger girls, and also he was allowed to gain access to under 18 chat rooms, he was also able to subvert a filter placed by a childs parents. A feasible solution to this topic and methods which could be taken out to help stop predators like this could be to make under 18 chat rooms, secure and make sure that users must go through an identity check, where personal details are filled out from something to help prove the childs identity, for example a childs passport number or some personal evidence which would not have a big impact of somebody was to get hold of the information also these would need to be incredibly secure. Also if a child is going to be meeting up with a person they had met online then they would need a responsible adult to accompany them when they meet, this would mean that children in schools would need to be educated on this matter more thoroughly. Finally making sure filters are more secure so that they cannot by bypassed.

Despite the rhetoric of employee engagement, organisations still want Essay - 1

Despite the rhetoric of employee engagement, organisations still want to exert tighter control - Essay Example Despite the positive results of employee engagement, the organisations exert tighter control on the employees so as to make them more disciplined and increase the productivity (Brief & Weiss 2002). Taylorism or scientific management aims at simplifying and optimizing the jobs so as to increase the productivity of the employees. The theory depicts that the employees and managers should cooperate so as to maintain a good relation (Parker 2005). According to Frederick Taylor, the workers are motivated by the money so they should be offered fair day’s pay and he also mentioned that if the workers failed to achieve the goal for the day he/she does not deserve to be paid as high as a productive worker. Taylorism highlighted efficiency and does not concentrate on the employee welfare. The theory detailed that few workers are efficient compared to other hence they should be motivated with higher incentives. The main purpose of the essay is to highlight the reason why organisations exert tighter control on the employees despite positive result of employee engagement in light of Taylorism. In the past few decades, employee engagement has gained prominence due to its successful results in organizations. A number of researchers are executed on this topic in order to understand whether it has helped in developing good relationship between employees and managers. According to Holbeche & Springett (2003), employee engagement is defined as the combination of different commitments, which are made by the employees to the organization; it also aims at adding value for assisting the colleagues. However, Schmidt (2004) has defined employee engagement as the relationship between satisfaction and commitment in job. Here, satisfaction refers to the emotional or attitudinal elements wherein, commitment indicates motivational and physical elements of the individuals. He

Residential property managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Residential property managment - Essay Example The members of a household, namely owners or their representatives and occupants, together manage a real estate enterprise that makes use of inputs of land, capital, and labour for providing shelter and other services essential for maintaining a household. In the early 1930s UK social housing policy underwent a shift as local authorities abandoned general needs housing and the standards were reduced to make the housing affordable by poor families. Nevertheless, â€Å"by the beginning of World War II, Britain had over a million council units, 10 per cent of the entire housing stock† (Malpass and Maurie. 1999, p38- 43). Present case study has to be viewed in this perspective as the buildings block were built in 1930s, which may require major repair and maintenance cost, at the same time may be exacerbated with tenant issues. The tenants of 10 flats, who are under rent controlled occupancy, have to be shifted to a newer better block two miles away. Decanting these occupants may involve many hurdles as there may be occupants from the very beginning and most of them may be legal heirs to the original owners. Because of long stay in the same locality, may be from birth, majority of them will be unwilling to shift their housing locality to a new environment, and it also involves relocating their professional or commercial activities. It may be noticed that in areas which are typified by poor quality housing estates, many of which were developed before 1945, were using non-traditional forms of construction, and decaying infrastructure. Repair and maintenance of these blocks are costly and vacating these buildings is coupled with mixture of tenures caused by the Right to Buy (RTB) power vested on the tenants, which makes demolition/renewal more expensive. Compensating the home owners at full market value for t he loss of their home is also a heavy burden on the developers.

Performance Evaluation & Competitive Benchmarking Research Paper

Performance Evaluation & Competitive Benchmarking - Research Paper Example The information was gathered from these sites by searching for the most appropriate and relevant key words such as hospitality, satisfaction, quality of services, accommodation, cuisine and beverages. Of all the 50 reviews, many clients seem to be content with the quality of services offered by these restaurants. However, for them to be too competitive, they need to make the necessary improvements in their specified weak areas. â€Å"Trace† Restaurant is part of the prestigious W Hotel SF which specializes in the provision of catering, accommodation and a wide range of services. As an established facility, â€Å"Trace† Restaurant, it is obvious that the restaurant offers a high degree of quality services. This has been evidenced in the kind of reviews it has been getting from the clients who often attest to the nostalgic and memorable experiences they had while visiting the facility. Based on my experiences and the numerous positive customer reviews, I would like to point out that this restaurant offers an exceptionally high quality service. For this reason, anyone who visits it, would not be disappointed, but would have to get a taste of delicious meals in a conducive environment worth staying on. Indeed, the reviews published in Yelp, Trip Advisor and social media platforms demonstrate that the restaurant has lots of strengths which need to be maintained for excellent services. To begin with, the restaurant is equipped with high tech modern and up-to date facilities. These include comfortable tables, chairs, beds which are used by the clients when having their meals or spending the night within the restaurant. In order to effectively accommodate all its clients, the management has supplied the facility with a total of 500 chairs and 300 tables. The other strength for â€Å"Trace† Restaurant is that it has employed a team of professionals to manage its

Organized Crime: Theory and Characteristics

Organized Crime: Theory and Characteristics Statistically, most crimes committed in major American cities are crimes of passion, convenience, or opportunity committed by individual perpetrators; these can be classed as street crime or disorganized crime (Ryan and George, 1997). Disorganized crimes are difficult to predict and, often, difficult to solve. Because they cut across racial, class, and gender lines, disorganized crimes have fascinated historians, and there are several studies that attempt to find rational explanations for patterns in crime rates. How would you describe or define organized crime? Since the 1920s, organized crime has fascinated, horrified, and been a continuous concern for citizens and law enforcement officials in the United States (Lupsha, 1996). The public perception of organized crime has been shaped by the large volume of movies, television shows, and books that have distorted the public image of organized crime and misled the response to it. First and foremost, the first thing or picture that comes into the mind when organized crime is mentioned, is John Gotti, Al Capone and Paul Castellano, these individuals are some of the well known as members of the organized crime. Many people argue that this named individuals who have previously served jail sentence could serve as perpetrators of organized crime. So, the question is, what is the actually the right definition of organized crime? Organized crime can be defined as a group of individual who have structured plans and their objective is to get money by or through committing illegal activities. Individuals who are connected with organized crime meet their financial needs through violence, corrupt officials, and extortion. These individuals end up affecting people from as close as their neighbor hoods and as far away as other countries. The personal perception of this author is that organized crime is the organization of several participating parties who share a common goal; generally, focused on monetary gain or control of power. How does your perception compare to the definitions in the readings? In reading chapter 1 of Organized Crime, I have realized that one definition can not completely define the concept of organized crime. According to the text organized crime can be defined as two or more persons conspiring together on a continuing and secretive basis with the aim of committing one or more serious crimes in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit. My perception of organized crime and book assessment of organized crime is not that far apart. Conceptually, the term organized crime has been used to differentiate a specific manner of criminality from forms of personal and property crimes typically committed by individuals working alone (such as residential burglaries, mugging, automobile theft, vandalism, crimes of passion, and so on). Public perception of organized crime has largely been shaped by the media and the entertainment industry (Lupsha, 1996). As in entertainment industry, organized crime has become synonymous with such criminal genres as the Italian Mafia, outlaw motorcycle gangs, Chinese Triads, the Japanese yakuza, Colombian cocaine cartels, and the Russian mafyia. While a defining characteristic of these dominant organized crime genres has been a shared ethnicity, organized criminality is present among a wide range of ethnic groups and nationalities. Moreover, in recent years, it has become apparent that race or ethnicity is no longer the most important criterion of who participates in a particular organized crime conspiracy. Not only has there been evidence of cooperation among many of these dominant genres, but there are also thousands of other individual criminal entrepreneurs who work together, on an ad hoc or ongoing basis, in pursuit of illegal revenues, regardless of ethnicity, nationality, or language. The term organized crime has also been used to refer to certain illegal activities that are typically carried out by criminal organizations, such as drug trafficking, extortion, labor racketeering, smuggling, corruption, and money laundering. However, organized crime should not be strictly defined by the type of illegal activities carried out by criminal organizations and networks, for many of these criminal activities can also be conducted by individuals working alone. Instead, organized crime can best be characterized by how illegal activities are carried out. Some of the defining characteristics of organized criminality are summarized below. What characteristics do you think are associated with organized criminal behavior? The difficulty in clearly defining the concept of organized crime comes from the ambiguity of the term organized. For example, how organized does a criminal outfit need to be to be considered an agent of organized crime? Most people who have studied the phenomenon agree that, at the very least, an organized-crime group has to maintain a clear hierarchy among its members and function according to a set of enforceable rules and regulations. A city gang, therefore, which temporarily groups a few youths involved in illegal activities, does not constitute organized crime. Common behaviors among organized crime groups have been within a global magnitude. These organizations have engaged in enterprises, which include various criminal acts. They specialize in money laundering, drug trafficking, blackmail, gambling, extortion, political corruption, and loan-sharking. It seems if these individuals are permitted to silence witnesses, murder, and blackmail; extort, etc., law enforcement will con stantly have difficulty in apprehending said persons or any kind of conviction regarding their actions and-or behavior (Lyman and Potter, 2007). The primary goal of organized crime is economic profit. Organized crime does not traditionally espouse and fight for a particular political ideology. Thus, terrorist organizations like Hamas and al-Qaeda are not usually considered organized-crime groups, even if they are well organized and engage in illegal activities. organized-crime groups may acquire political power to ensure prosperity for their members, but they do not generally perceive political power as a goal in itself. organized-crime groups have a limited, highly specialized membership and are characterized by a carefully thought-out division of labor. As in any legal business enterprise, every member knows his or her place in the organization and will undertake specific duties on a regular basis. Unlike legal businesses, however, organized crime shows a willingness to resort to violence and bribery to achieve its goals. The continued existence of an organized-crime group does not rely on specific individuals. In other words, in this kind of a group, everybody is replaceable. Even if the leader of the outfit dies or goes to jail, the organization is designed to promptly find somebody to take over. Organized crime, therefore, is characterized by permanency, as much as by its economic priorities, lack of political ideology, hierarchy, and specialization.

Importance of Humor and Laughter in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest :: One Flew Over Cuckoos Nest

Importance of Humor and Laughter in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest "There are three things which are real: God, human folly, and laughter. Since the first two pass our comprehension, we must do what we can with the third." In One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, humor is present in a very powerful form. Normally, insane people don’t have the capacity to laugh or find the humor in something as we "normal" people do. They live tragic existences, wandering day by day in the bland, depressing world of an asylum. They have forgotten how to live because they are under the authoritative rule of the head nurse, and under the behavioral influence of drug doses and bossy orderlies. The patients have no real existence of their own, and they are essentially lifeless. As the Lord works in mysterious ways, Randall MacMurphy is "sent" to heal the patients of the asylum. He shows them that to laugh is good, and laughing at yourself can sometimes be the best medicine. He is the comic healer who gives life to the otherwise hopeless patients of the asylum. MacMurphy seems to have an affinity for laughter. In essence, it is an escape for him- it makes him feel good, and most importantly, it radiates to his friends, an d helps heal them. This book is about so many things, it is hard to stay on one topic for any length of time. In order to focus on the laugh and laughing as a healing agent, I would like to look towards other influential writers and thinkers to tie together laughing and healing. First, let’s see what laughter is according to Meriam Webster: laughter- n. a cause of merriment. Using this simple definition, we can assume that laughter can come from any form of merriment or emotion like triumph, contempt, relief, and almost any other emotion there is. It is easy to picture in your head different underlying emotions in laughter; the sinister laughs of witches and ghosts, the insincere, fake laughs you hear after pointless, humorless attempts at jokes on the six o’clock news, to the silent laughs of mimes and clowns that fill the people around them with a happy feeling. These are all examples of what laughter is and how it is used. But why do we do it? What in nature created the laugh and mad e it so successful?